Converting DOS/Windows Line Endings to Linux Line Endings in Vim

When working across multiple operating systems, you might encounter unwanted characters in your text files, especially if you’ve edited them on Windows and then opened them on Linux. Windows uses a combination of carriage return (\r) and newline (\n) characters for line endings, while Linux only uses newline (\n). In Vim, Windows-style line endings appear as ^M at the end of each line, which can be distracting and problematic in Linux-based environments.

If you want to convert these Windows line endings to Linux line endings within Vim, here are some methods to do so.

1. Quick Fix Using a Simple Substitution Command

You can quickly remove the ^M characters (which represent the carriage return, \r) by running the following substitution command:

Read more »

Maximum Number of Threads per Process in Linux

When working with multithreaded applications in Linux, it’s essential to understand the limits on how many threads can be created within a single process. While Linux does not impose a strict “threads per process” limit, several system parameters govern the overall number of threads a process can create. In this post, we’ll explore how Linux handles threading limits, how to check them, and how to modify them if needed.

Understanding Linux Thread Limits

In Linux, threads are implemented as processes that share the same memory space, meaning that threads are essentially lightweight processes. Therefore, Linux doesn’t have a specific limit on the number of threads per process. Instead, the number of threads is governed by general process limits, memory availability, and system configuration.

Read more »

How to Get File Creation and Modification Dates/Times in Shell/Bash

 When working with files in a shell or bash environment, it’s often useful to retrieve metadata such as file creation and modification dates/times. Below are several methods to achieve this across different platforms like Linux and Windows.

1. Modification Date/Time

Retrieving the modification date and time of a file is straightforward and works across both Linux and Windows platforms.

Read more »

What happens first when Linux server is started?

The Linux boot process is a meticulously orchestrated sequence of events that transforms a powered-off machine into a fully operational system. For system administrators, developers, and enthusiasts, understanding this process is critical for troubleshooting, optimizing performance, and securing infrastructure. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll dissect every stage of the Linux boot process, from the moment you press the power button to the user login prompt. We’ll explore modern components like UEFI, initramfs, and systemd, and provide practical examples to solidify your understanding.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction: Why Understanding the Boot Process Matters
2. Stage 1: Power-On Self-Test (POST)
3. Stage 2: UEFI/BIOS Initialization
4. Stage 3: Bootloader (GRUB2) Execution
5. Stage 4: Kernel Initialization and initramfs
6. Stage 5: systemd – The Modern Init System
7. Stage 6: Targets, Services, and Dependency Management
8. Stage 7: User Login and Session Management
9. Troubleshooting Boot Issues

Read more »

How to Determine If Your Linux System is 32-bit or 64-bit

When working with Linux, it’s important to know whether your operating system is 32-bit or 64-bit. This is especially useful when installing software, configuring build environments, or optimizing system performance. There are several methods to find out the bit version of your Linux system, each suited for different needs. In this blog post, we’ll walk through various ways to determine if your Linux installation is 32-bit or 64-bit.

1. Using uname to Check System Architecture

The uname command provides essential information about your Linux system, including the kernel and architecture type.

Read more »

Graphical Diff Tools for Linux: Exploring the Best Options for Code Comparison

When working on a Linux environment, comparing files and directories efficiently is essential for developers and system administrators. Many users familiar with Araxis Merge or BeyondCompare on Windows may wonder if there are Linux alternatives with similar functionality. This guide introduces some of the best graphical diff tools available for Linux, highlighting unique features, performance considerations, and ideal use cases for each tool.

Read more »

Automating Tasks in Linux: Tools and Techniques for Efficiency

Linux systems are renowned for their robustness and flexibility, particularly when it comes to automating repetitive tasks. Automation can save time, reduce human error, and ensure consistency across operations. In this blog post, we’ll explore various tools and techniques for automating tasks in a Linux environment.

Read more »

Installing Docker on Amazon Linux 2023: A Comprehensive Guide

Installing Docker on your Amazon Linux 2023 instance can significantly streamline your development and deployment processes by containerizing your applications. While Docker installation on Amazon Linux 2 was straightforward using the amazon-linux-extras command, the 2023 version requires a different approach due to its Fedora-based architecture. Here, I’ll guide you through two effective methods to install Docker on Amazon Linux 2023, different from the commonly suggested ones.

Read more »